Types of Sentences based on PURPOSE

Types of Sentences
- Sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. A sentence usually contains a subject and a predicate (verb), and can stand alone as a complete grammatical unit. In English, all parts of speech are used to make sentences.

Sentences are classified based on purpose and structure.

FOUR types of sentences based on purpose.

1. Declarative (or Assertive) Sentence
2. Interrogative Sentence
3. Imperative Sentence
4. Exclamatory Sentence

1. Declarative (or Assertive) Sentence

- It makes a statement or shares information. Any sentence that tells us something is declarative sentence. As a rule, declarative sentence ends with a period (.).

- Usually, the standard order of words in such sentence can be:
subject + verb + object

Example
The girl     lost         her favorite doll.
subject        verb        object.

Declarative Sentence can be further categorized into two types: 
a) Positive: Kado likes language class
b) Negative: Kado does not like language class

2. Interrogative Sentence
- Interrogative Sentence strives to receive information. Any sentence that ask a question and end with a question mark is a interrogative sentence. Usually, the word order of interrogative sentences can be:
wh-wordd or how + auxiliary verb + subject

Example 
Where             is             Bokto?
wh-word       verb       subject 

***Interrogative Sentence can also begin with modal auxiliaries and other be form of verbs*

Like Declarative Sentence, Interrogative Sentence are of two types:
a) Positive: Did he play on a football team?
                    Does Kado like language class?
b) Negative: Didn't he play on a football team?
                      Doesn't Kado like language class?

3. Imperative Sentence
- Imperative Sentence tells others to do something or give a command. It can end with either a period (.) or an exclamation mark (!).
- It usually doesn't have a subject because an imperative sentence, by default, speaks to the recipient or the reader. Such sentence usually consist of a base verb + any additional details.

Example
Open the door.

Two types of Imperative Sentences
a) Positive: Attend the language class.
                    Join the football team!

b) Negative: Do not attend the language class.
                      Do not join the football team! 

4. Exclamatory Sentences
- Exclamatory Sentence is usually used to express a strong emotion or surprise and always ends with an exclamation mark (!).

- The basic order of words can be as shown below;
i) What (+adjective) + noun+ subject + verb
    What a wonderful weather it is !

ii) How (+adjective/adverb) + subject + verb
    How generous you are! 

Activity

Q. Identify the type of each of the following sentences based on their purpose: assertive, interrogative, imperative or exclamatory.

1. Kado is a good boy.
2. Open the window.
3. He is an Indian citizen.
4. Sit on the chair.
5. Who are you?
6. Hurrah! We have won the match.
7. Please sit down.
8. The girl is dancing in the hall.
9. Is he going to school?
10. What a beautiful scene!

Check Your Answers

1. Assertive
2. Imperative
3. Assertive
4. Imperative
5. Interrogative
6. Exclamatory
7. Imperative
8. Assertive
9. Interrogative
10. Exclamatory